Daulet Mukayev

L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University,

Astana, Kazakhstan

dauletten@mail.ru

ORCID 0000-0001-7399-9562

Housing affordability analysis in Kazakhstan based on D-HAQ model

Urpash Shalbolova

L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University,

Astana, Kazakhstan

urpash_sh@mail.ru

ORCID 0000-0002-0833-2507

Justyna Tanaś

WSB University in Poznan,

Poznan, Poland 

justyna.tanas@wsb.poznan.pl

ORCID 0000-0002-6237-0387 

Abstract. Housing affordability is an acute socio-economic problem in many countries, and Kazakhstan is no exception. The purpose of the article is to assess the affordability of purchasing houses in the regions of Kazakhstan, taking into account dynamic changes in household income and expenditures. The analysis used data from 17 regions of Kazakhstan for 2021, which were collected from the Bureau of National Statistics, Statistical Bulletin of the National Bank, and analytical web portal. Based on the data, three indicators – down payment affordability (DPA), monthly repayment affordability (MRA), and dynamic indicator TAM, which is the time to achieve adequate MRA – were calculated. Then the Housing Affordability Quadrant was built. The results of the analysis showed that all regions of Kazakhstan are located in the third quadrant. This means that households in these regions have difficulty making both down and monthly payments. Full housing affordability in any part of the country is not observed. Then the affordability of housing under the preferential mortgage lending program was assessed, and as a result, housing affordability improved only slightly. The authors concluded that the lower the solvency of monthly payments, the less effective the effect of increasing affordability by lowering the interest rate on mortgage loans. Instead, it is recommended to take state control of prices in the real estate market in each region of Kazakhstan.

Received: November, 2021

1st Revision: October, 2022

Accepted: December, 2022

DOI: 10.14254/2071-8330.2022/15-4/2

JEL Classification: O18, R21, R31

Keywords: housing affordability, D-HAQ model, mortgage, down payment affordability, monthly repayment affordability, regions